Diesel engines have revolutionized the automotive industry, particularly for larger vehicles like SUVs and commercial trucks. Renowned for their efficiency and durability, these engines require regular maintenance to keep them in top shape.
For many Kenyans, petrol vehicles seem appealing since they run the most of the common and affordable cars. However, if you’re considering switching from a small car to a powerful SUV with a diesel engine, understanding proper maintenance is crucial.
History of Diesel Engines
Rudolf Diesel developed the first prototype of the diesel engine in 1893, with the first production model emerging in 1897.
Significant improvements further came from Alfred Büchi, who turbocharged the engine in 1925, and Robert Bosch, who enhanced fuel injection pumps in 1927.
These advancements have led to the highly efficient diesel engines we use today.
How Diesel Engines Work
A diesel engine operates on a straightforward principle: it compresses air, then injects fuel into the compressed air. The heat from the compressed air ignites the fuel without needing a spark plug, unlike gasoline engines. The combustion cycle involves four steps:
- Intake: The piston moves down to intake air.
- Compression: The piston compresses the air in the cylinder; fuel is injected before reaching top-dead-center.
- Combustion: The piston draws down again with intake and exhaust valves closed.
- Exhaust: The piston expels the combusted fuel as exhaust.
This process’s high compression ratio results in better efficiency compared to gasoline engines.
Benefits of Diesel Engines
Diesel engines are celebrated for their efficiency, power, and torque. Their robust design often translates to a longer lifespan and greater durability, making them ideal for heavy-duty vehicles and long-haul applications.
According to Nicholas Biwott, the CEO of Premium Auto, diesel engines offer far much more superior fuel economy.
“Diesel vehicles can travel 20% to 35% further on a single gallon of fuel than similarly-sized gasoline or petrol vehicles,” Biwott explains.
“Diesel fuel economy comparison with biodiesel also reveals that low-sulfur diesel can be the superior option,” Biwott adds.
To further put this into context, diesel is 29% more efficient on the highway and 24% more efficient in the city. In a country where fuel prices are revised upwards or downwards each month, fuel efficiency becomes a factor when selecting the engine type. Diesel is therefore the best option for commercial vehicles like buses, trucks, or matatus.
If you’re wondering “do diesel engines have more problems,” the answer is that they have less. There are fewer overall parts in a diesel engine than a gasoline engine, meaning less components to break or need repair.
As one example, diesel engines do not have spark plugs. This leaves less room for electrical failures and reduces the need for maintenance and upkeep by the owner. Less waste is produced and cost-savings are achieved!
Common Diesel Engine Problems
What is the main problem with diesel engines? By many accounts, overheating is one major issue. Diesel engines run hotter, stressing the radiator and cooling system.
“Diesel engines are powerful and get put to hard use in all environmental conditions. But with just a little regular maintenance, advanced diesel engines are up for any challenge,” Biwott explains.
And again, despite their advantages, diesel engines can also face other issues if not properly maintained:
- Routine Servicing Neglect: Skipping oil and filter changes can harm the engine.
- Filthy Filters: Dirty filters can choke the engine, reducing power and efficiency.
Importance of Diesel Engine Maintenance
Proper maintenance is vital to avoid unscheduled downtime, which can be costly for commercial operations. Maintaining your diesel engine ensures it runs efficiently and safely, minimizing the risk of breakdowns and accidents.
Maintenance Tips for Diesel Engines
- Choosing the Right Fuel: Use high-quality fuel and fill the tank to avoid contaminants.
- Allowing Engine Cooldown: Let the engine cool down after trips to protect turbochargers.
- Maintaining Moderate RPM: Prevent engine damage by avoiding high RPMs.
- Keeping Diesel Filters Clean: Regularly clean or replace filters to maintain performance.
- Winter Care: Give your vehicle extra attention in winter to keep it running smoothly. This may not be applicable in sub-saharan Africa but all the same, it is good to note.
Diesel Engine Maintenance Checklist
To ensure your diesel engine stays in optimal condition, follow this maintenance checklist:
- Change oil and filters regularly.
- Check and preserve water control components.
- Keep water out of the fuel tank.
- Maintain fuel injectors.
- Check alternator, radiator, compressor, and condenser mountings.
- Watch for unusual sounds and warning signs like fuel contamination or oil oxidation.
Preventive Maintenance for Diesel Engines
Preventive maintenance is essential for extending your diesel engine’s lifespan and performance. Regularly scheduled check-ups and proactive measures can prevent major issues and costly repairs.
In summary
Maintaining a diesel engine vehicle is key to ensuring its longevity, efficiency, and safety. By following the tips and checklist provided, you can enjoy the benefits of a well-maintained diesel engine, whether you’re driving a commercial truck or a powerful SUV.
